EXTRAORDINARY
PART II – Section 1
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY
No. 38
Separate paging is given to this Part in order that it may
be filed as a separate compilation.
MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE
(Legislative Department)
New
The
following Act of Parliament received the assent of the President on
THE TELECOM REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF
No. 24 of 1997
[
An
Act to provide for the establishment of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of
India to regulate the telecommunication services, and for matters connected
therewith or incidental thereto.
Be it enacted by Parliament in the Forty-eighth Year of the
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1. (1) This Act may be called the Telecom
Regulatory Authority of India
Act, 1997.
(2) It extends to the whole of
(3) It
shall be deemed to have come into force on the 25th day of January,
1997.
2. (1) In
this Act, unless the context otherwise requires :-
a. "appointed day" mean the date
with effect from which the Authority is established
under sub-section (1) of section 3;
b. "Authority" means the Telecom
Regulatory Authority of India established under sub-section (1) of section 3;
c. "Chairperson" means the Chairperson of the
Authority appointed under sub-section (3) of section 3;
d. "Fund"
means the Fund constituted under sub-section (1) of Section 22;
e. "Licencee" means any person licenced
under sub-section (1) of section 4 of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 for
providing specified public telecommunication services;
f. "member" means a member of
the Authority appointed under sub-section (3) of section 3 and includes the
Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson ;
g. "notification"
means a notification published in the Official Gazette;
h. "prescribed"
means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
i. "regulations" means regulations made by the
Authority under this Act;
j. "service
provider" means the Government and includes a licensee;
k. "telecommunication service"
means service of any description (including electronic mail, voice mail, data
services, audio tex services, video tex services, radio paging and cellular mobile telephone
services) which is made available to users by means of any transmission or
reception of signs, signals, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any
nature, by wire, radio, visual or other electro-magnetic means but shall not
include broadcasting services.
(2) Words and expressions used and not defined in
this Act but defined in the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 or the Indian Wireless
Telegraphy Act, 1933, shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in
those Acts.
(3) Any reference in this Act to a law which is not in
force in the State of
Chapter –II
3. (1) With
effect from such date as the Central Government may, by notification appoint,
there shall be established , for the purposes of this Act, an Authority to be
called the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India.
(2) The Authority shall be a body corporate by the name
aforesaid, having perpetual succession and a common seal, with power, subject
to the provisions of this Act, to acquire, hold and dispose of property, both
movable and immovable , and to contract, and shall, by the said name, sue or be
sued.
(3) The authority shall consist of a Chairperson, and not
less than two, but not exceeding six members , to be
appointed by the Central Government
(4) The head office of the Authority shall be at
4. (1) The
Chairperson shall be a person who is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court
or who is or has been the Chief Justice of a High Court .
(2) A Member shall be a person who has special knowledge
of, and professional experience in, telecommunication, industry, finance,
accountancy, law, management and consumer affairs:
Provided that a person who is or has been in the service of
Government shall not be appointed as a member unless such person has held the
post of Secretary or Additional Secretary, or the post of Additional Secretary
and Secretary to the Government of India or any equivalent post in the Central
Government or the State Government for a period of three years.
5. (1) Before
appointing any person as the Chairperson or Member, the Central Government
shall satisfy itself that the person does not have any such financial or other
interest as is likely to affect prejudicially his functions as such member.
(2) The Chairperson shall hold office for a term of five
years from the date on which he enters upon his office .
(3) A member shall hold office for a term of five years
from the date on which he enters upon his office or until he attains the age of
sixty five years, whichever is earlier.
(4) The employee of the Government on his selection as
member shall have to retire from service before joining as a member.
(5) The salary and allowances payable to and the other
terms and conditions of service of the Chairperson and other members shall be
such as may be prescribed.
(6) The salary, allowances and other conditions of service
of the Chairperson or of a member shall not be varied to his disadvantage after
appointment.
(7) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2)
or sub-section (3), a member may-
(a) relinquish his office by giving in writing to the Central
Government notice of not less than three months; or
(b) be removed from his office in accordance with the provisions
of section 7.
(8) The Chairperson or any other member ceasing to hold
office as such, shall-
(a) be ineligible for further employment under the Central
Government or any State Government; or
(b) not accept any commercial employment, for a period of two
years from the date he ceases to hold such office.
(9) A vacancy
caused to the office of the Chairperson or any other member shall be filled up
within a period of three months from the date on which such vacancy occurs.
Explanation - For the purposes of this section, "commercial
employment" means employment in any capacity under, or agency of, a person
engaged in trading, commercial, industrial or financial business in any field
and includes also a director of a company or partner of a firm and it also
includes setting up practice either independently or as partner of a firm or as
an adviser or a consultant.
6. (1) The
Chairperson shall have powers of general superintendence and directions in the
conduct of the affairs of the Authority and he shall, in addition to presiding
over the meetings of the Authority, exercise and discharge such powers and functions
of the Authority and shall discharge such other powers and functions as may be
prescribed.
(2) The Central Government may appoint one of the members
to be a Vice-Chairperson of the Authority who shall exercise and discharge such
powers and functions of the Chairperson as may be prescribed or as may be
delegated to him by the Authority.
7. (1) The Central Government may remove
from office any member, who,-
a. has been
adjudged an insolvent; or
b. has been
convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the Central Government,
involves moral turpitude; or
c. has become
physically or mentally incapable of acting as a member ; or
d. has acquired
such financial or other interest as is likely to affect prejudicially his
functions as a member; or
e. has so
abused his position as to render his continuance in office prejudicial to be
public interest.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1),
no member shall be removed from his office on the ground specified in clause
(d) or clause (e) of that sub-section unless the Supreme Court on a reference
being made to it in this behalf by the Central Government, has, on an enquiry,
held by it in accordance with such procedure as prescribed in this behalf,
reported that the member ought on such ground or grounds to be removed.
(3) The Central Government may suspend from office a member
in respect of whom a reference has been made to the Supreme Court under
Sub-Section (2) until the Central Government has passed an order on receipt of
the report of the Supreme Court on such reference.
8. (1) The
Authority shall meet at such times and places, and shall observe such rules of
procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its meetings (including
quorum at such meetings) as may be provided by regulations.
(2) The Chairperson or, if for any reason, he is unable to
attend a meeting of the Authority, Vice-Chairperson and in his absence , any other member chosen by the members present
from amongst themselves at the meeting shall preside at the meeting.
(3) All questions which come up before any meeting of the
Authority shall be decided by a majority vote of the members present and
voting, and in the event of an equality of votes, the Chairperson or in his
absence, the person presiding, shall have a second or casting vote.
(4) The Authority may make regulations for the transaction
of business at its meetings.
9. No act or proceeding of the Authority
shall be invalid merely by reason of-
a. any vacancy
in, or any defect in the constitution of, the Authority; or
b. any defect
in the appointment of a person acting as a member of the Authority; or
c. any
irregularity in the procedure of the Authority not affecting the merits of the
case.
10. (1) The
Authority may appoint officers and such other employees as it considers
necessary for the efficient discharge of its functions under this Act.
(2) The salary and allowances payable to and the other
conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Authority
appointed under sub-section (1) shall be such as may be determined by
regulations.
Chapter –III
Powers & functions of the Authority
11. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Indian Telegraph
Act, 1885, the functions of the Authority shall be to-
a. recommend
the need and timing for introduction of new service provider;
b. recommend
the terms and conditions of licence to a service provider;
c. ensure technical compatibility and effective inter-connection between different service providers;
d. regulate arrangement amongst service providers of sharing their revenue derived from providing telecommunication services;
e. ensure
compliance of terms and conditions of licence;
f. recommend revocation of licence for non-compliance of terms and conditions of licence;
g. laydown and ensure the time period for providing local and
long distance circuits of telecommunication between different service
providers;
h. facilitate
competition and promote efficiency in the operation of telecommunication
services so as to facilitate growth in such services;
i protect the
interest of the consumers of telecommunication service;
j. monitor the
quality of service and conduct the periodical survey of such provided by the
service providers;
k. inspect the equipment used in the network and recommend the type of equipment to be used by the service providers;
l. maintain register of interconnect agreements and of all such other matters as may be provided in the regulations;
m. keep register maintained under clause (l) open for inspection to any member of public on payment of such fee and compliance of such other requirements as may be provided in the regulations;
n. settle
disputes between service providers;
o. render advice to the Central Government in the matters relating to the development of telecommunication technology and any other matter relatable to telecommunication industry in general;
p. levy fees and other charges at such rates and in respect of such services as may be determined by regulations;
q. ensure
effective compliance of universal service obligations;
r. perform such other functions including such administrative and financial functions as may be entrusted to it by the Central Government or as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Indian
Telegraph Act, 1885, the Authority may, from time to time, by order, notify in
the Official Gazette the rates at which the telecommunication services within
India and outside India shall be provided under this Act including the rates at
which messages shall be transmitted to any country outside India;
Provided that the Authority may notify different rates for
different persons or class of persons for similar telecommunication services
and where different rates are fixed as aforesaid the Authority shall record the
reasons therefor.
(3) While discharging its functions under sub-section (1),
the Authority shall not act against the interest of the sovereignty and
integrity of
(4) The Authority shall ensure transparency while
exercising its powers and discharging its functions.
12. (1) Where the Authority considers it expedient so to do, it may,
by order in writing, –
a. call upon any service provider at any time to furnish in writing such information or explanation relating to its affairs as the Authority may require; or
b. appoint one or more persons to make an inquiry in relation to the affairs of any service provider; and
c. direct any of its officers or employees to inspect the books of account or other documents of any service provider.
(2) Where any inquiry in relation to the affairs of a
service provider has been undertaken under sub-section (1)-
a. every officer of the Government Department, if such service provider is a department of the Government;
b. every
director, manager, secretary or other officer, if such service provider is a
company; or
c. every
partner, manager, secretary or other officer, if such service provider is a
firm; or
d. every other person or body of persons who has had dealings
in the course of business with any of the persons mentioned in clauses (b) and
(c), shall be bound to produce before the Authority making the inquiry, all such
books of account or other documents in his custody or power relating to, or
having a bearing on the subject-matter of such inquiry and also to furnish to
the Authority with any such statement or information relating thereto, as the
case may be, required of him, within such time as may be specified.
(3) Every service provider shall maintain such books of
account or other documents as may be prescribed.
(4) The Authority shall have the power to issue such
directions to service providers as it may consider necessary for proper
functioning by service providers.
13. The Authority may, for the discharge of its functions under sub-section (1) of section 11, issue such directions from time to time to the service providers, as it may consider necessary.
Chapter –IV
14. (1) If a
dispute arises, in respect of matters referred to in sub-section (2), among
service providers or between service providers and a group of consumers, such
disputes shall be adjudicated by a bench constituted by the Chairperson and
such bench shall consist of two members;
Provided that if the members of the bench differ on any
point or points they shall state the point or points on which they differ and
refer the same to a third member for hearing on such point or points and such
point or points shall be decided according to the opinion of that member.
(2) The bench constituted under sub-section (1) shall
exercise, on and from the appointed day all such jurisdiction , powers and
authority as were exerciseable immediately before
that date by any civil court on any matter relating to-
i. technical
compatibility and inter-connections between service providers;
ii. revenue sharing arrangements between different service
providers;
iii. quality of telecommunication services and interest of
consumers;
Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall apply in
respect of matters relating to-
(a) the monopolistic trade practice, restrictive trade practice
and unfair trade practice which are subject to the jurisdiction of the
Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission established under
sub-section (1) of section 5 of the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices
Act, 1969;
(b) the complaint
of an individual consumer maintainable before a Consumer Disputes Redressal
Forum or a Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission or the National Consumer
Redressal Commission established under section 9 of the Consumer Protection
Act, 1986;
(c) dispute between telegraph authority and any other person
referred to in sub-section (1) of section 7B of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885.
15 (1) An
aggrieved person may make an application in respect of matters referred to in
sub-section (2) of section 14 within such period as may be prescribed.
Explanation – For the purpose of this sub-section, the expression
"aggrieved person" means-
i. any service
provider who has a dispute in respect of matters referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) of sub-section (2) of section 14;
ii. where any loss or damage is caused to a group of consumers,
any member representing such group of consumers.
(2) On receipt of an application made under sub-section
(1), the Authority may, after giving the parties an opportunity of being heard,
pass such orders as it thinks fit preferably within a period of six months from
the date of filing of such application and shall record reasons in writing if
final order cannot be passed within the said period.
(3) While arriving at a decision, the Authority shall
record in writing the reasons for such decision.
(4) Every decision of the Authority shall be published in
the annual report of the Authority
(5) The orders and directions of the Authority shall be
binding on the service providers, Government and all other persons concerned.
16 (1) The
Authority shall be guided by the principles of natural justice.
(2) The Authority shall have, for the purpose of
discharging their functions under this Chapter , the same powers as are vested
in a civil court under the Code of civil Procedure, 1908 in respect of the
following matters, namely : –
(a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
(b) requiring the discovery and production of documents;
(c) receiving evidence on affidavits;
(d) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or
documents;
(e) reviewing its decisions;
(f) dismissing an application for default or deciding it ex parte;
(g) setting aside any order of dismissal of any application for default or any order passed by it ex parte;
(h) any other matter which may be prescribed.
(3) Every proceeding before the Authority shall be deemed
to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of sections 193 and 228, and for
the purpose of section 196 of the Indian Penal Code and the Authority shall be
deemed to be a civil court for all the purposes of section 195 and Chapter XXVI
of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1973.
17. The applicant may either appear in person or authorise one or more legal practitioners or any of its officers to present his or its case before the Authority.
18. Any person aggrieved by any decision or order of the Authority may file an appeal to the High Court within thirty days from the date of communication of the decision or order of the Authority to him;
Provided that the High Court may, if it is satisfied that
the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal within
the said period, allow it to be filed within a further period not exceeding
sixty days.
19. Every order made by the Authority under this Act or the order made by the High Court in any appeal against any order of the Authority shall, on a certificate issued by any officer of the Authority or the Registrar of the High Court , as the case may be, be deemed to be decree of the civil court and shall be executable in the same manner as a decree of that court.
20 If any person willfully fails to comply with the orders of the Authority or any order of the High Court , as the case may be, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees and in case of a second or subsequent offence with fine which may extend to two lakh rupees and in the case of continuing contravention with additional fine which may extend to two lakh rupees for every day during which the default continues
Chapter –V
Finance, Accounts and Audit
21. The Central Government may, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Authority grants of such sums of money as are required to pay salaries and allowances payable to the Chairperson and the members and the administrative expenses including the salaries, allowances and pension payable to or in respect of officers and other employees of the Authority.
22 (1) There
shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Telecom Regulatory Authority of
India General Fund and there shall be credited thereto-
(a) all
grants, fees and chargers received by the Authority under this Act; and
(b) all sums received by the Authority from such other sources as
may be decided upon by the Central Government.
The Fund shall be applied for meeting-
(a) the salaries and allowances payable to the Chairperson and
members and the administrative expenses including the salaries, allowances and
pension payable to or in respect of officers and other employees of the
Authority; and
(b) the
expenses on objects and for purposes authorised by this Act.
23 (1) The
Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare
an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the
Central Government in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of
India.
(2) The accounts of the Authority shall be audited by the
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India at such intervals as may be specified
by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such auditor shall be
payable by the Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
(3) The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India and any
other person appointed by him in connection with the audit of the accounts of
the Authority shall have the same rights and privileges and authority in
connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General generally
has, in connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in
particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts,
connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect any of the
offices of the Authority.
(4) The accounts of the Authority as certified by the
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India or any other person appointed by him
in this behalf together with the audit report thereon shall be forwarded
annually to the Central Government and that Government shall cause the same to
be laid before each House of Parliament.
24 (1) The
Authority shall furnish to the Central Government at such time and in such form
and manner as may be prescribed or as the Central Government may direct, such
returns and statements and such particulars in regard to any proposed or
existing programme for the promotion and development of the telecommunication
services, as the Central Government from time to time require.
(2) The Authority shall prepare once every year in such
form and at such time as may be prescribed , an annual report giving a summary
of its activities during the previous year and copies of the report shall be
forwarded to the Central Government.
(3) A copy of the report received under sub-section (2)
shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is received, before each House of
Parliament.
Chapter VI
Miscellaneous
25 (1) The
Central Government may, from time to time , issue to the Authority such
directions as it may think necessary in the interest of the sovereignty and
integrity of India, the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign
States, public order, decency or morality.
(2) Without prejudice to the foregoing provisions, the
Authority shall, in exercise of its powers or the performance of its functions,
be bound by such directions on questions of policy as the Central Government
may give in writing to it from time to time:
Provided that the Authority shall, as far as practicable,
be given an opportunity to express its views before any direction is given
under this sub-section.
(3) The decision of the Central Government whether a
question is one of policy or not shall be final.
26 All members, officers and other employees of the Authority shall be deemed, when acting or purporting to act in pursuance of any of the provisions of this Act to be public servants within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code.
27 No civil court shall have jurisdiction in respect of any matter which the Authority is empowered by or under this Act to determine.
28 No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against the Central Government or the Authority or any officer of Central government or any member, officer or other employees of the Authority for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act or the rules or regulations made thereunder.
29 If a person violates directions of the
Authority, such person shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees and in case of second or subsequent offence
with fine which may extend to two lakh rupees and in
the case of containing contravention with additional fine which may extend to
two lakh rupees for every day during which the
default continues.
30 (1) Where an
offence under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who at the
time the offence was committed was in charge of, and was responsible to, the
company for the conduct of the business of the company, as well as the company,
shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded
against and punished accordingly:
Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall
render any such person liable to any punishment provided in this Act if he
proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he has
exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1),
where any offence under this Act has been committed by a company and it is
proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of,
or is attributable to, any neglect on the part of any director, manager,
secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or
other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be
liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
Explanation – For the purposes of this section-
a. "company"
means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of
individuals; and
b. "director",
in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.
31 (1) Where an
offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of government, the
Head of the Department shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be
liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly unless he proves that
the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due
diligence to prevent the Commission of such offence.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1),
where an offence under this Act has been committed by a Department of
Government and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the
consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any
officer, other than the Head of the Department, such officer shall also be
deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against
and punished accordingly.
32 Notwithstanding anything contained in the Wealth-tax Act, 1957, the Income Tax Act, 1961, or any other enactment for the time being in force relating to tax on wealth, income, profits or gains, the Authority shall not be liable to pay wealth-tax , income tax or any other tax in respect of their wealth, income, profits or gains derived.
33 The Authority may, by general or special order in writing, delegate to any member, officer of the Authority or any other person subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order, such of its powers and functions under this Act (except the power to settle dispute under Chapter IV and to make regulation under section 36 as it may deem necessary.
34 (1) No court
shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under this Act or the rules or
regulations made thereunder, save on a complaint made by the Authority.
(2) No court inferior to that of a Chief Metropolitan
Magistrate or a Chief Judicial Magistrate of first class shall try any offence
punishable under this Act.
35 (1) The
Central government may, by notification, make rules for carrying out the
purposes of this Act.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality
of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following
matters, namely;-
(a) the salary and allowances payable to and the other conditions
of service of the Chairperson and members under sub-section (5) of section 5;
(b) the powers and functions of the Chairperson under sub-section
(1) of section 6;
(c) the procedure for conducting an inquiry made under sub-section
(2) of section 7;
(d) the category of books of accounts or other documents which are required to be maintained under sub-section (3) of section 12;
(e) the period within which an application is to be made under sub-section (1) of section 15;
(f) the manner in which the accounts of the Authority shall be maintained under sub-section (1) of section 23;
(g) the time within which and the form and manner in which returns and report are to be made to the Central Government under sub-sections (1) and (2) of section 24;
(h) any other matter which is to be, or may be, prescribed, or in respect of which provision is to be made, by rules;
36 (1) The
Authority may, by notification, make regulations consistent with this Act and
the rules made thereunder to carry out the purposes of Act.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality
of the foregoing power, such regulations may provide for all or any of the
following matters, namely:-
(a) the times and places of meetings of the Authority and the procedure to be followed at such meetings under sub-section (1) of section 8, including quorum necessary for the transaction of business;
(b) the transaction of business at the meetings of the Authority under sub-section (4) of section 8;
(c) the salaries and allowances payable to and the other conditions of service of officers and other employees of the Authority under sub-section (2) of section 10;
(d) matters in respect of which register is to be maintained by the Authority under clause (l) of sub-section (l) of section 11;
(e) levy of fee and lay down such other requirements on fulfillment of which a copy of register may be obtained under clause (m) of sub-section (l) of section 11;
(f) levy of fees and other charges under clause (p) of sub-section (1) of section 11.
37 Every rule and every regulation made
under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each
House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days
which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions,
and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or
the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification
in the rule or regulation or both Houses agree that the rule or regulation
should not be made, the rule or regulation shall thereafter have effect only in
such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however that any
such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of
anything previously done under that rule or regulation.
38 The provisions of this Act shall be in
addition to the provisions of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 and the Indian
Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933 and , in particular nothing in this Act shall
affect any jurisdiction, powers and functions required to be exercised or
performed by the Telegraph Authority in relation to any area falling within the
jurisdiction of such Authority.
39 (1) If any
difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the Central
government may, by order, published in the Official Gazette, make such
provisions not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act as may appear to be
necessary for removing the difficulty;
Provided that no order shall be made under this section
after the expiry of two years from the date of commencement of this Act.
(2) Every order made under this section shall be laid, as
soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament.
40 (1) The
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Ordinance 1997 is hereby repealed.
(2) Notwithstanding such repeal, anything done or any
action taken under the said Ordinance shall be deemed to have been done or
taken under the corresponding provisions of this Act.
K. L. MOHANPURIA
Secy. to the Govt. of